INZ Journal

Nestled in the heart of the Kashmir Valley, Nundkol Lake also known as Nund Kol or Kalodaka Lake is a pristine alpine waterbody that captivates both domestic and international travelers with its breathtaking natural beauty. Located in the Ganderbal district of Jammu and Kashmir, this oligotrophic lake is a serene escape into the Himalayas, offering a blend of ecological richness, spiritual significance, and adventure tourism. Location and Accessibility Nundkol Lake lies at an elevation of approximately 3,505 meters (11,499 feet) above sea level, at the base of the majestic Mount Haramukh, which towers at 5,142 meters. The lake is part of the Kashmir Great Lakes Trek and is accessible only during the summer months, typically from June to September, when the snow melts and the trails open up. To reach Nundkol Lake, travelers must first arrive in Srinagar, the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir. From there, a 65-kilometer motorable road leads through the scenic Ganderbal district...

Introduction Najafgarh Lake, nestled in South West Delhi, is one of the region’s most historically significant and ecologically vibrant freshwater lakes. Once merely a natural drainage path that linked with the Yamuna River via the Najafgarh nullah, this water body has evolved into a crucial wetland habitat, a thriving zone of biodiversity, and a promising ecotourism destination. From Drainage to Defence: A Transformation In 1960, the Flood Control Department of Delhi undertook the widening of Najafgarh Lake as a protective measure to shield the capital from seasonal flooding. During the monsoons, rainwater would accumulate in massive volumes historical records mention the lake swelling over an area of 300 square kilometres (approx. 120 square miles). This ambitious transformation redefined the lake as not only a natural reservoir but also a buffer against flood disasters in Delhi’s south-western settlements. Ecological Renaissance and Biodiversity Over time, Najafgarh Lake ...

India, with its diverse topography and climatic zones, is home to a rich tapestry of lakes that span across its vast landscape. These lakes both natural and man-made serve not only as vital ecological reservoirs but also as cultural, historical, and recreational landmarks. From the snow-fed alpine lakes of the Himalayas to the brackish lagoons of the eastern coast, The lakes of India are as varied as they are significant. Classification of Indian Lakes Lakes in India are broadly categorized into two types: Freshwater Lakes : These are primarily found in the Himalayan region and the southern plateau. They serve as sources of drinking water, irrigation, and support aquatic biodiversity. Brackish Water Lakes : Found mostly along the coastal regions, these lakes are partially saline and support unique ecosystems. Additionally, lakes can be natural, formed by geological and climatic processes, or man-made, often constructed by ancient rulers for irrigation,...