INZ Journal

  Changu Lake, also known as Tsomgo Lake, is a captivating glacial lake nestled in the East Sikkim district of the Indian state of Sikkim. Renowned for its serene beauty, spiritual significance, and ecological richness, this natural wonder attracts tourists, pilgrims, and nature enthusiasts alike. Its geographical location, unique etymology, scenic charm, wildlife, and religious importance make Changu Lake an essential part of Sikkim’s cultural and environmental heritage. Location of Changu Lake Changu Lake is located approximately 40 kilometers east of Gangtok, the capital city of Sikkim, along the national highway leading to Nathu La pass on the Indo-China border. Situated at an altitude of about 3,753 meters (12,313 feet) above sea level, the lake lies in a mountainous rift between two peaks, amidst the lap of the Eastern Himalayan ranges. Its proximity to Gangtok makes it easily accessible for day trips, yet its remote alpine environment preserves its tranquil ambiance and...

Ancient India is renowned for its groundbreaking contributions to medicine and surgery, with the Sushruta Samhita being one of the earliest and most comprehensive surgical treatises worldwide. Authored by the sage Sushruta, this foundational text details advanced surgical techniques, instruments, and principles, showcasing a sophisticated understanding of surgery in ancient times. Sushruta is often regarded as the father of plastic surgery, offering detailed descriptions of procedures aligned with modern surgical principles such as planning, precision, haemostasis, and aesthetic perfection. This article examines the surgical methods outlined in the Sushruta Samhita , focusing particularly on reconstructive surgery, operative techniques, and broader medical practices. The Pioneering Role of Sushruta in Plastic Surgery One of the most remarkable facets of the Sushruta Samhita is its detailed exposition on plastic and reconstructive surgery—making Sushruta probably the first surgeon ...